![]() VO 2 undergoes a reversible MST at ~68☌, that is accompanied by a structural phase transition from monoclinic (P2 1/c, M1 phase) to tetragonal (P4 2/mnm, R phase) symmetry with an abrupt change in optical properties from transmitting to highly reflecting particularly in the infrared spectral region 3, 4. 1), vanadium dioxide (VO 2) smart windows can exhibit automatic solar/heat control in response to environmental temperatures without the use of any external switching device, in comparison with other chromogenic windows, such as electrochromic or gasochromic and it has recently attracted considerable attention. Based on the metal-to-semiconductor phase transition (MST, Fig. Although the Low-E window has been widely used in the building industry, one of its disadvantages is that it cannot change its optical properties in response to environmental temperature changes or different human needs 2. Energy efficient commercial products have already been developed, such as the Low-E window that possesses a low emissivity to achieve high thermal reflectivity of infrared light. Energy-efficient wall or window coatings are considered to be the first step for reducing heat transfer between the indoor and outside environments. It is estimated that buildings are responsible for more than 40% of primary energy use in most countries 1, primarily for space heating and cooling for indoor comfort. The world's available energy resources have been diminishing since the beginning of the 21 st century and saving energy is one of the most effective ways to solve this energy shortage problem. ![]()
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